Copper
sets the standard for conductivity
With its exceptional current
carrying capacity, copper is more efficient than any other electrical conductor
Because of its superior conductivity, annealed copper is the international
standard to which all other electrical conductors are compared . In 1913, the
international Electro-Technical Commission set the conductivity of copper at
100% in their International annealed Copper Standard (IACS). This means that
copper provides more current carrying capacity for a given diameter of wire
than any other engineering metal. Today, copper conductors used in building
wire actually have a conductivity rating of 100% or better, based on the IACS
scale.
Copper building wire requires less
insulation and smaller conduits than aluminum because aluminum, with its lower
conductivity, must be larger in diameter than copper to carry the same current.
This is why more copper wire can fit in a given conduit, compared to aluminum.
This greater “wire fill” is a special advantage when a system is rewired or
expanded. Another advantage is that copper oxide also conducts electricity. So
connections and terminations will not overheat and do not require the use of
oxide-inhibiting compounds. In addition, copper also provides superior thermal
conductivity (60% better than aluminum), which saves energy and accelerates
heat dissipation. This property is also especially helpful at terminations and
connections.
Copper
is strong
Because of its strength, copper
resists stretching, neck-down, creep, nicks and breaks. Copper’s exceptional
strength, compared to aluminum conductors, is another reason it has remained
the conductor of choice in wiring systems throughout the building industry.
When long runs of aluminum
conductors are pulled through conduit and cable trays, they can stretch and
neck-down. This reduces the current carrying capacity, wastes energy, and can
cause dangerous overheating. Copper, with its superior tensile strength,
safeguards against these conditions occurring.
Copper wiring also resists what
engineers call creep, the gradual deformation of metal unfair stress. When
lighter, weaker aluminum is used, this problem often occurs at connecting
points where a screw can squeeze and deform the conductor, leaving it under
stress. This can cause a loose connection, which may be followed by oxidation,
arcing and overheating. By using copper wire in your system you can avoid this
problem.
The natural hardness and superior
strength of copper wiring also help it to nicks and breakage. In equipment
installations and machinery using non-copper wiring, nicks and scratches can
lead to failure due to vibration and flexing. Through what metallurgists call
fatigue failure, these small flaws can deteriorate into large breaks in the
wiring, causing long-term interruptions in service. For strength, durability
and reliable performance, you can count on copper.
All your connections will be solid
with sturdy, corrosion-resistant copper. Copper building wire is compatible
with brass and quality plated screws, to give you connections that will not
corrode or creep. It can be installed simply and easily with no special tools,
washers, pigtails or joint compounds. And its flexibility makes copper easy to
join, while its hardness helps keep connections securely in place.
Copper
provides strength and ductility
This unique combination makes copper
ideal for wiring systems. Usually, the stronger a metal is, the less pliable it
is. Not so with copper. You get the advantages of durability and ductility when
you specify copper. At junction boxes and terminations, you can bend copper
further, twist it tighter and pull it harder – without stretching or breaking
it.
Copper
is easy to install
Ductility plus, makes copper easy to
work with. The inherent strength, hardness and flexibility of copper building
wire make it very easy to work with. When you pull it through a conduit it
resists stretching, neck-down, or breakage. You can bend it or twist it easily
and it still will not break. You can strip it and terminate it during
installation or service with far less danger of nicks or breaks. When you’re
looking for a wiring system that is easy to hook up and won’t break down in
service – rely on flexible, durable copper.
A noble metal, copper gives your
system unequaled reliability and longevity. The pure copper used in building
wire is described by corrosion specialists as noble metal. This means it is not
subject to galvanic corrosion when connected to other, less noble metals and
alloys. Copper wiring will also resist corrosion from moisture, humidity,
industrial pollution and other atmospheric influences – to insure safe,
trouble-free performance for the life of your system.
Copper
meets all codes
Years of reliable performance have
made copper wiring the industry standard. Copper wiring complies with every
code, ordinance and regulation for electrical conductors throughout the United
States. Copper’s superior performance in all types of installations has earned
it nationwide acceptance as the long-established standard for building wire
conductors.
Copper
is economical
Over the life of your system,
superior performance and dependability translate into real economy. On a
first-look basic, aluminum is sometimes cheaper than copper building wire. But
real economy is not measured by initial cost alone. Life-cycle cost, which
includes installation extra tools, procedures, materials, service calls,
repairs and potential for expansion of the system must also be considered along
with the potential liability for inadequate service performance. These are real
costs often missed on a first-look basis. Consider the following list of
factors and their cost implications. Then compare copper with the substitute.
You will find that copper gets more and more economical as you go down the
list.
With copper, you get:
- Superior current carrying capacity for narrower conduits
- Easier installation – no need for special connectors, tools, compounds and procedures
- Wire fill and expansion possibilities
- Resistance to stretching, neck-down, creep, nicks, breaks and corrosion
- No extra maintenance and repair calls due to poor performance and breakdowns
- Extra protection against liability for possible problems in service Over the life of your system, the strength, efficiency and performance of copper almost always make it the most cost-effective wiring material available today.
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