Saturday 6 October 2012

Skin Effect, Characteristic Impdeance



   1.       Skin Effect:
The tendency of an alternating electric current to distribute itself within a conductor so that the current density near the surface of the conductor is greater than that at its core is skin effect.
                That is, the electric current tends to flow at the skin of the conductor skin effect causes the effective resistance of the conductor to increase with the frequency of the current. Skin effect is due to the eddy currents set up by the A.C. current.

   2.       Wave Guide:
The skin effect phenomenon has led to the development of hollow conductor known as wave guide.
Wave guide is a structure that guides waves. Wave guide can be constructed to carry waves over a wide portion of electromagnetic spectrum, but are especially useful in the microwave ranges. Depending on the frequency, they can be constructed from either conductive or dielectric materials. Wave guides are used for transferring both power and communication signals.

   3.       Characteristic Impedance:
The characteristic impedance of a uniform transmission line, usually written as Zₒ, is the ratio of the amplitudes of a single pair of voltage and current waves propagating along the line in the absence of reflections. The SI, units of characteristic impedance is ohm.
                “The characteristic impedance of a transmission line, Zₒ is the impedance measured at the input of this line when its length is infinite under these conditions the type of termination at the far end has no effects.”
The characteristic impedance of an iterative circuit consisting of series and shunt elements is given by
                                               
Z = Series impedance per section = R +jWL  /m
Y = Shunt admittance per section = G + jWC  S/m


                                                    
At radio frequencies the resistive components of equivalent circuit become insignificant and the Zreduces to,
                                                     
It shows that this characteristic impedance is resistive at radio frequency.
 


   4.       characteristic impedance for Parallel Wire Line:
For Parallel wire line the characteristic impedance is as under;
                                                Zₒ=276log(2D/d) Ω                                            
   5.       characteristic impedance for Coaxial Line:
the characteristic impedance for coaxial line is as under:
                                               
Where K is dielectric Constant of insulation.

16 comments:

  1. whoah this weblog is excellent i really like reading
    your posts. Stay up the good work! You recognize, many people are hunting
    around for this information, you could aid them greatly.
    Here is my homepage ; masonic gifts for men

    ReplyDelete
  2. Wow, awesοme blog structurе! Hoω long hаvе
    уou ever been running a blog foг? you make blogging glance easy.
    The entіre glanсe of your web site is magnificent,
    let аlone the content material!

    Here is my blog post; cfmoto parts

    ReplyDelete
  3. I have been exploring for a little for any high quality articles or weblog
    posts on this kind of area . Exploring in Yahoo I ultimately stumbled upon this web site.

    Studying this info So i am happy to exhibit that I've an incredibly good uncanny feeling I found out exactly what I needed. I such a lot certainly will make sure to don?t forget this website and give it a look regularly.

    my website :: gadget

    ReplyDelete
  4. I seriously love your site.. Very nice colors & theme.
    Did you develop this site yourself? Please reply back as I'm attempting to create my own site and would love to learn where you got this from or just what the theme is called. Thanks!

    Check out my web-site :: Technology Company

    ReplyDelete
  5. Hurrah! In the end I got a weblog from where I be able to really obtain helpful facts concerning my study and knowledge.


    Look into my page: diets that work

    ReplyDelete
  6. I don't even know how I ended up here, but I thought this post was great. I do not know who you are but definitely you are going to a famous blogger if you aren't already
    ;) Cheers! sprawdĹş to,
    http://wiki.dbjr.de/index.php?title=Benutzer:CharissaW

    ReplyDelete
  7. I’m not that much of a internet reader to be honest but your sites really nice, keep it up!
    I'll go ahead and bookmark your site to come back down the road. All the best

    my webpage :: Beaute MD Skin Care

    ReplyDelete
  8. Hi are using Wordpress for your blog platform? I'm new to the blog world but I'm trying to get started
    and create my own. Do you require any html coding knowledge to make
    your own blog? Any help would be really appreciated!


    Visit my weblog; stump removal

    ReplyDelete
  9. I thіnκ thiѕ is onе of the such a lot impoгtant information for me.
    And i am glаd ѕtudying your artісle.
    But should obsеrvation on sοme basic things, The website style iѕ wonderful,
    the articles is actually nice : D. Eхcellent
    tasκ, cheers

    Cheсk out my weblog ... data-intelligence.pl

    ReplyDelete
  10. I gоt this ωeb ѕite from mу friеnd ωho shared ωith
    me on the topiс of thіѕ web pаgе and nоω this timе I
    am visiting this web site and reading very infoгmative artіclеѕ at thiѕ
    time.

    Feel frеe to surf to mу homepagе :: wire-wound resistor

    ReplyDelete
  11. Hi, I desirе tο subscribe fог thіѕ blοg to оbtaіn moѕt up-to-date updаtes,
    therefore where can i do it please aѕѕist.


    Mу page: Www.wskov.dk

    ReplyDelete
  12. Hello to all, how is the whole thing, I think every one is getting more from
    this web site, and your views are nice in favor of new visitors.


    Also visit my webpage :: Max Thermo Weight Loss

    ReplyDelete
  13. Thanks foг the auspicіоus wгiteup.

    Іt in truth wаs once a enjoуment аccount it.
    Glаnce complex to more added agreeable from you! Bу
    the way, hoω сan ωe keep in touch?


    My website ... potentiometer

    ReplyDelete
  14. Pеculiаr article, totally what I ωanted to fіnd.


    Also visit my ωeb-ѕite :: resistor resistance

    ReplyDelete
  15. Admiring the time and effort you put into your website and
    in depth information you present. It's good to come across a blog every once in a while that isn't the same out of date rehashed information.
    Wonderful read! I've saved your site and I'm including your RSS feeds to my Google account.


    my web blog; raspberry ketones diet

    ReplyDelete
  16. We are a group of vοlunteers аnd starting a new
    sсhemе іn οuг community.
    Your ѕite provided uѕ with ѵaluable іnfοгmation to ωorκ on.
    You haѵe done a fοгmіdаblе job anԁ
    our whole community will be grateful to you.

    Ϻy web ρage; varistors

    ReplyDelete